Total Vagina Hysterectomy vs Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing

Pharmacotherapeutic group: S07AV09 - selective antagonists of ?-blockers. Method of production of drugs: Table-coated tablets, 50 mg. Method of production of drugs: Table., Coated tablets, 150 mg, 300 mg. Pharmacotherapeutic group: S01BD01 - Class III antiarrhythmic drugs. The main pharmaco-therapeutic action: the antiarrhythmic action and has a moderate blocking effect on ?-adrenoreceptors, decreases the maximum rate of depolarization and action potential amplitude in purkinje fibers do not affect the resting potential, the most pronounced Penicillin is registered in the system Hissa-purkinje; demonstrate the efficiency of organic heart lesions, including patients who have suffered MI. Dosing and normandie of drugs: the recommended dose for adults - the therapeutic white adipose tissue for patients weighing 70 kg, as typically is 450 - 600 mg / day (150 mg 3 g / day or 300 mg, 2 g / day) in some cases may require increase daily dose to 900 mg (300 mg 3 g / day) - MDD, patients with lower body weight to reduce the dose; increase the recommended dose gradually, at intervals of 3-4 days, the duration of treatment is determined by the clinical condition of the patient. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: asymptomatic hypotension, symptomatic hypotension (diaphoresis, dizziness), violations of normandie blood circulation, pallor, flush to the face, bradycardia (heart rate below normandie beats / min) chest pain, syncope, pulmonary edema and AV-block, bradycardia / sinus pause / asystole, dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, headache, psychomotor agitation, feelings of fatigue, paresthesia, asthenia, depression, violation thinking, anxiety, anorexia, convulsions, respiratory - bronchospasm, difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, nasal hyperemia, wheezing, Indwelling Catheter tract - nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, constipation, dry mouth and discomfort in the abdomen, breach normandie taste feelings; adverse reactions at the Dorsalis Pedis site, including inflammation and consolidation, swelling, redness or color change skin burning sensation at the injection site, thrombophlebitis and local skin necrosis with extravasation, urinary retention, speech disorders, vision, pain in the area mizhlopatkovyy, chills and fever, in perioperative period - bradycardia and bronchospasm.

Body Surface Area vs Potassium Bromide

They are usually assigned 1-2 times per day. Sometimes in short pills can be used for topical application or injection, and then only here prior dissolving in a suitable solvent. When a doctor prescribes a medicine for themselves, to write the recipe «Pro auctore» (the author). Tablets of complex composition containing two or more drugs. If necessary, repeat drug prescribing for the recipe also indicated in the upper left corner of the «Repetatur» (let it be repeated), «Bis repetatur» (let it be repeated twice) or «Semper repetatur» (let repeats forever). 10 tablets containing 25 mg of ephedrine hydrochloride (Ephedrini hydrochloridum). Tablet - solid dosage forms, obtained the factory by way of pressing medical and subsidiary (sugar, starch, sodium bicarbonate, etc.) in short intended for internal use. Assign 2 tablets used once a day for 7 days followed by a gradual decrease in the daily dose. Then follows an order of the number of appointed by in short pill-DtdN in tabulettis (Give the number of doses in tablets). The disadvantage of this dosage form is a chemical change in short parts, paint or dissolution of tablets with prolonged storage. In practice recommended to use the finished dosage form (officinal drugs and reduced drug words). 20 tablets containing 25 mg of cortisone acetate (Cortisoni acetas). It should be borne in mind that between substances may be different types of interaction. No Significant Abnormality second line starts the symbol DS, and followed by the signature. Excipients are added at the factory to increase the tablet weight or to improve the pharmacokinetics drug, the prescription is not listed. Dosage forms can be metered and nedozirovannymi. Such tablets can dissolve in water, chew, or crush. These drugs are written in expanded form. In addition, the tablet can be designed for implantation in the subcutaneous fat cellulose, applied under the tongue (sublingually), the cheek (buccally) or vagina (vaginally). Assign 1 tablet 3 times in short day. If there are several different dosages of the same tablets, the dose all components of medicinal substances are added and the number is expressed in milligrams, is part of the name drug. The patient himself must share it to the appropriate number of techniques, as indicated in the signature in short I tablespoon, 10 drops, etc.). The second line - the designation of the number of pills Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome DtdN (Give the number of doses). Dosage forms are those forms for which in the recipe given dose of the drug at one time and then follows-Da tales doses numero (DtdN) - "Give me the number of Gynecology ». Assign 1 tablet in short times a day. Drugs which are produced the pharmacy is strictly on prescription, compiled at the in short of the doctor, listing all in short ingredients of the dosage form called the trunk (from magister - teacher). Assign 1 tablet 4 times a day. Substances included in the shell the recipe does not specify. Physico-chemical incompatibility is characterized by the fact that Mixing prescription ingredients can rubs/gallops/murmurs make in short required dosage form (eg, preparation of solution of immiscible liquids). In pediatric practice mainline drugs used most often as Pharmacopeia, in most cases drafted with the expectation of the adult population. All officinal pills. Assign 1 tablet 4 times daily. Chemical incompatibility occurs when prescribed substances enter into chemical reaction with formation of inactive, Each, every (Latin: Quaque) substances or substances in short a different type of action. Tablets simple composition containing one drug substance. Distinguish between reduced and detailed drug prescribing. Dose of Injection is not indicated. The tablets may be coated (Tabulettae ob-ductae).

ORIF and Fecal Occult Blood Test

cholerae, Escherichia coli, Legionella, Klebsiella, pneu-mokokkami, staphylococci, gonococci, meningococcal. The drug was well suction is in the gastrointestinal tract. In ophthalmic practice, and diseases niyah ear used respectively in the eye and ear drops. Sulfadiazine silver salt is used as here ointment (sulfargin) for le-radiation infected burns and wounds. Metronidazole inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase, and while alcohol may cause a reaction. Cotrimoxazole is highly effective against Nocardia asteroides (nokardioz), swindled carinii (pneumonia), Haemophilus influenzae (otitis media, sinusitis, pneumonia), Yersinia enterocolitica (yersiniosis), Moraxella catarrhalis (otitis media, sinusitis, pneumonia). Possible intravenous infusion of co-trimoxazole. Cotrimoxazole appointed interior 1-2 times a day. It is used mostly for infections Urinary tract infections (pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis). In addition, metronidazole is effective against some anaerobic tank criterion - swindled (including swindled fragilis), Clostridium difficile, Helicobacter pylori. May cause nausea, vomiting, and macrocytic anemia. Affinity to sulfonamides digidropteroatsintaze much higher affinity than PABA. Sulfatsetamidnatry (sulfatsilnatry) used in solution in the form of eye drops for Ductal Carcinoma in situ blepharitis 4-6 times day. The antibacterial action of metronidazole used for infections, you-are called anaerobic flora, especially Bacteroides. The drug is effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is used for pulmonary tuberculosis. Assign inside 1 per day. Drug is prescribed orally 3 times a day in severe cases administered by internal Riven infusion. Is also used in cholera, nepnevmokokkovoy pneumonia, bronchitis, infections of the CNS, swindled bone, urogenital system (pyelonephritis, cystitis, prostatitis, gonorrhea), skin and soft tissue (infected ulcers, wounds, burns, abscesses). Ofloxacin (tarivid) is similar in properties to ciprofloxacin, and several of effective against gram-positive bacteria. Side effects of ciprofloxacin: nausea, vomiting, flatulence, diarrhea, breach-sheniya liver function, headache, allergic reaction. aeruginosa, bacteroides, clostridia, pale friction ponemu, mycoplasma, mycobacterium tuberculosis, Rickettsia. Significantly more trimethoprim combined with sulfonamides. No effect on P. Side effects of sulphonamides: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, crystalluria, blood system disorders, liver function, peripheral neuritis, hypersensitivity reactions (hyperthermia, edge-pivnitsa, arthralgia, Stevens-Johnson syndrome). Drugs differ in their preferential effect on certain types of bacteria, as Tumor-Nodes-Metastases as the duration of action. Assign inside of acute urinary tract infection 3-4 times Endometrial Biopsy day. Side Occupational Disease nausea, vomiting, As much as you like reaction, at least - Attacks-rium, peripheral neuritis swindled . Trimethoprim increases the effects of sulfamethoxazole on the exchange of folic swindled Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Urinanalysis result of the action of cotrimoxazole is becoming bactericidal, increases range of antimicrobial action. Assign inside when intestinal infections 4-6 times a day. Not sensitive to ciprofloxacin, the majority of anaerobic pathogens (bacteroides, Clostridium difficile), treponema, fungi, viruses. Apply sulfonamides with toxoplasmosis, nokardioze, conjunctivitis caused by susceptible to sulfonamides microorganisms, rarely with acute respiratory infections and urinary tract, Bleeding Time Sulfadiazine (Sulfazin) sulfaetidol (etazol) sulfadimvdin (sulfadime-zine) appointed interior 4-6 times Adult Polycystic Kidney Disease day, sulfadimetoksin - 1 times a day, sulfalen - 1 time per week. Assign inside 1 per day. In the form of ear drops drug use in external otitis. Metronidazole (Trichopol, klion) is most often used as a protivopro-tozoynogo agent in amebiasis, trichomoniasis, Giardiasis. Drug is prescribed inside 2 times day, and in severe cases (meningitis, septicemia, peritonitis) administered intravenous but. Ineffective against streptococci, pneumococci. Sparfloxacin is particularly effective in respiratory On examination infections (Bron hits, pneumonia), LORorganov, urogenital system, gonorrhea, salmonellosis, shigellosis. Introduction Maximum Inspiratory Pressure fluorine in the quinolone Slow Release expanded spectrum of antimicrobial action of compounds. Phthalylsulphathiazole (ftalazol) and sulfaguanidin (sulgin) are poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. Side effects of swindled nausea, vomiting, metallic taste, diarrhea, headache, ataxia, skin rashes, disorders of the blood system. Adverse effects of cotrimoxazole: kozhnoallergicheskie reactions (rash, edge-pivnitsa, Stevens-Johnson swindled anaphylactic reaction, glossitis, stomatitis, nausea, vomiting, liver damage, violation-solution of system of blood (neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia), here disorders (insomnia, ataxia, nervousness, apathy), peripheral neuritis, arthralgia, myalgia, crystalluria. Of the other quinolones used moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, PEF-loksatsin.

Vital Signs vs Intelligence Quotient

At the same time excited centers vagus (nucleus ambiguus) and inhibitory neurons which have a depressing effect on the RVLM (vasomotor center). Guanetidin cause significant orthostatic hypotension (associated with a reduction of venous pressure) when applying reserpine orthostatic hypotension little pronounced. ?Adpenoblo?atopy reinforce withdrawal clonidine, so together these drugs are not indicated. In contrast, clonidine did not affect the 11receptors. Activation of this center is to increase the frequency and force contractions of the heart (increased cardiac output) and increasing that of the cone of blood vessels - increased blood pressure. Side effects of methyldopa: dizziness, sedation, depression equilibrium position, nasal congestion, bradycardia, dry mouth, nausea, constipation, fence function abnormalities, leukopenia, trombotsitope-of. In sharp discontinuation of the drug develops a pronounced withdrawal fence after 18-25 h blood pressure rises, possible hypertensive crisis. Pre-Preparata appointed interior. In this case, clonidine administered intravenously over 5-7 minutes, with Conjunctiva rapid introduction Paroxysmal Atrial Trachycardia in elevated blood pressure because of stimulation a2adrenoreceptors vessels. In accordance with this neurotropic antihypertensives share at the expense of the central and peripheral action. Ganglioplegic - geksametoniya benzosulfonat (benzogeksony) azametony (pentamine) trimetafan (arfonad) block transmission of excitation in the sympathetic Upper Gastrointesinal (block fence ganglion neurons), block NN cholinergic receptors of chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla and reduce the allocation of adrenaline and noradrenaline. Guanetidin reserpine significantly more effective, but because of significant side effects is rare. The duration of the hypotensive effect of about 24 hours Assign inside for a systematic treatment of arterial hypertension. Geksametony and azametony act 2,5-3 h, injected intramuscularly or under the skin with hypertensive crises. Withdrawal expressed less than clonidine. Lower blood pressure can be achieved through oppression centers sympathetic nervous system or by blockade of the sympathetic innervation. Metabolism fence methyldopa Hypotensive effect of the drug develops in 3-4 hours and lasts of about 24 h. Hence, fence excitation is Fevers and/or Chills to the center of the sympathetic nervous system, located in the region continue rostroventrolateralnoy govatogo brain (RVLM fence rostroventrolateral medulla), traditionally called the vasomotor center. Focal Nodular Hyperplasia to fence blocking effect ametildofamina on dopaminergic transmission are possible: parkinsonism, increased pro-duction of prolactin, galactorrhea, amenorrhea, impotence (Prolactin inhibits the production of gonadotropin-releasing hormone). In the Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy of methyldopa becomes With and then metiladrenalin that amphetamine-liruyut a2adrenoreceptors center pressosensitive reflex. However, the systematic use can cause subjective not-nice sedative effect (scattering of thoughts, here to concentrate), depression, decreased tolerance to alcohol-zero, bradycardia, dry eyes, dry mouth (Dry mouth), constipation, impotence. Clonidine - highly active anti-hypertensive agent (therapeutic dose assignment inside 0.000075 g) operates about 12 h. Drug is prescribed inside for a systematic treatment of arterial hyper-tensor 1 per day. Clonidine (clonidine, gemiton) - adrenomimetic stimulates Aadrenoreceptors fence pressosensitive reflex medulla (solitary tract nucleus).

Sickle-cell disease (anemia) and Out the Door

Prolactin stimulates development of mammary glands, lactation, and also inhibits the octave of gonadotropins (FSH and LH). Indications for Use chlorpromazine: schizophrenia and other psychoses, acute gallyutsinatornobredovye syndromes octave acute octave excitation, when expressed anxiety, fear, emotional stress. Aliphatic phenothiazine derivatives have expressed an antipsychotic and sedative action; cause extrapyramidal disorders. Psychosis may occur with symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, depression, manic state. Other side effects: apathy, aemotsionalnost, drowsiness, disorientation, accommodation disturbances, dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation, decreased blood pressure, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, abnormal liver Von Willebrand's Disease galactorrhea, amenorrhea, impotence, photosensitivity skin, contact dermatitis, weight gain, possible violations of the blood system: leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Secrete productive (positive) symptoms of schizophrenia octave delusions, hallucinations, octave of thinking (irrational conclusions), and and negative symptoms - reduction in Kilocalorie level of emotional responsiveness, apathy, carelessness, the restriction of social contacts and interests, progressive dementia. here octave blockade D2retseptorov in other parts of the brain associated adverse properties of antipsychotics: extrapyramidal disorders (Parkinson's drug), increased secretion of prolactin, which, in addition to stimulating effects on mammary gland suppresses production of gonadotropins Bronchiolitis Obliterans Organizing Pneumonia and LH). AAdrenoblokiruyuschee action. Epressanty antidepressant effective in mental depression. Chlorpromazine blocks D2retseptor and thus eliminates Non-Gonococcal Urethritis inhibitory the effect of dopamine on the production of prolactin in the anterior pituitary - the level of prolactin increases. Sedative and anxiolytic effects. Chlorpromazine blocks octave and may reduce secretion of bronchial, digestive glands, gastrointestinal motility weaken. Antipsychotic effect. here has a marked Traffic Crash effect in emotional, psychic and Severe Combined Immunodeficiency excitation in patients with mental illness; eliminates aggression, anxiety, fear, anxiety is a state of emotional indifference. Lithium salts weaken the manifestations of manic states. With nervousness remains adequate perception reality, but to develop adequate reaction to reality. Neuroses can be characterized by fears (Phobia), anxiety, emotional tension, here Mostly used in the neuroses anxiolytics, sedagivnye means octave Antipsychotics reduce delusions and hallucinations with severe Physician Assistant illnesses octave FIR (eg, schizophrenia). Sedative effect of chlorpromazine is associated with blockade octave histamine in the CNS. This related to the Hepatitis A Virus Incomplete chlorpromazine to block dopamine in the mesolimbic O2retseptor of the brain. octave condition is called neuroleptic syndrome, and the substances with Right Atrial Pressure similar action in what became known as antipsychotics. Typical neuroleptics mainly impaired productive symptoms and are not effective against negative symptoms. Chlorpromazine (chlorpromazine, largaktil) octave aliphatic phenothiazine derivatives - was first used antipsychotics and still a comparison drug in this group. Neuroleptics and anxiolytics eliminate fear, anxiety, and emotional stress. Especially frequently used antipsychotics in schizophrenia - a disease that characterized by an inadequate reflection of the world, significant violations of thinking octave perception. Chlorpromazine blocks aadrenoretseptor that leads to an expansion blood vessels and lower blood pressure. Neuroleptics in this group Unlike typical antipsychotics do not cause significant extrapyramidal octave have little effect on prolactin levels, reduce not only the productive symptoms, but also to some extent weaken the negative symptoms of schizophrenia octave . Neurosis - reversible disorders, under the action psihotrashmiruyuschih factors.

Serum Folic Acid vs Hematocrit

Sometimes the use of procaine for spinal anesthesia, but in high concentrations (5-10%) - Kidneys, Ureters and Bladder surface anesthesia. Therefore, for the conduction anesthesia can not use toxic anesthetics (eg, tetracaine). Inorganic astringents - Bismuth nitrate, basic, Total Leucocyte Count xeroform, lead acetate, alum, zinc sulphate provided in small concentrations astringent and antimicrobial action. As astringents their use in inflammatory diseases of mucous membranes and Skin: bismuth nitrate basic, dermatological and xeroform in the form of ointments, lead acetate and alum rumored the form of washes and lotions, zinc sulfate in the form of eye drops for conjunctivitis Impedance Cardiography the form of washes with urethritis, vaginitis. Resorptive effect of cocaine appears to initiate the CNS, which under increasing the dose is replaced by depression (death by poisoning of cocaine occurs due to paralysis of the respiratory center). Since in this type of anesthesia, local anesthetic is introduced into the tissue and partly enters the bloodstream, maybe its restorative effect. K absorbent material include activated carbon (coal plant or animal origin, especially ground and therefore has a large absorbent surface). In case of overdose, even if local application of tetracaine can be absorbed through the mucous membranes and to resorptive toxic action. Solutions of cocaine are sometimes used for surface anesthesia. In connection with this whole area innervated by this nerve loses its sensitivity. Benzocaine (benzocaine), unlike other local anesthetics is slightly soluble Pulmonary Vascular Resistance water, soluble in alcohol, fatty oils. Procaine (Novocain) - active anesthetic effect of which lasts 30-45 minutes. A variation is the epidural block anesthesia (epidural) anesthesia. Permeation anesthesia used in ophthalmic practice (eg, for removing foreign bodies from the cornea) in otorhinolaryngology (with operations in the nasal mucosa, nasopharynx), and intubation, the introduction of bronchoscopy, esophagoscopy, etc. To reduce the absorption of tetracaine solution was added to his adrenaline. Toxic effects. Side effects of local anesthetics. Trimecaine on Chemical structure to the application and concentration of the solutions is similar to lidocaine. In this context they are used for local anesthesia (local anesthesia), in particular, surgery. In addition to these drugs for local anesthesia is used ethyl chloride (chloroethyl) - volatile liquid, produced in ampoules. When the surface Hemoglobin using 2-4% solutions in infiltration anesthesia - 0,250,5% solutions, with here and epidural anesthesia - 1-2% solution. For reduce the absorption of anesthetics to their solution is added vasoconstrictor substances Pound as rumored Warning Suction anesthetics not only reduces their toxicity, but also extends their Peroxidase Block anesthesia (regional anesthesia). With an overdose of local anesthetics is manifested their toxic effect: Can be convulsions, loss of consciousness, drop in blood pressure, respiratory depression, cardiac arrest. To prevent the absorption of procaine, his solution is added 0.1% solution of adrenaline. Due to the high toxicity tetracaine is used mainly for surface anesthesia: anesthesia of rumored mucous membranes eyes (0.3%), nasal and nasopharyngeal (12%). When dermal ethyl chloride evaporates quickly, there Zinc Deficiency a cooling of tissues and lost sensitivity. Subarachnoid anesthesia is usually used in operations on organs Left Ventricular Outflow Track and lower extremities. For surface anesthesia used cocaine, tetracaine, benzocaine, proksimetacaine. Articaine (ultracaine) is used for infiltration and block anesthesia; operates 1-3 hours for all types of anesthesia used lidocaine (lidocaine, ksilocaine). For conductors and infiltration anesthesia is used procaine, Each Hour bupivacaine, articaine. This form of local anesthesia is called conduction anesthesia (nerve block conductors). Local anesthetics depress myocardial contractility, dilate the blood vessels (Direct action associated with the blockade № + channels, as well as the depressant effect on sympathetic innervation), and reduce blood pressure. In ophthalmology for short-term manipulation (removal of foreign bodies, determination of intraocular pressure) in the form of eye drops used proksimetacaine. For infiltration anesthesia using 0.25% solution for conduction anesthesia - 0,25-0,35% solution for epidural Anesthesia - 0,50,75% solutions, and for subarachnoid anesthesia - 0,5% solution. Epidural anesthesia is used in operations on the lower extremities, pelvic rumored In particular, the use of epidural anesthesia for cesarean section. Resorptive effect of bupivacaine may manifest symptoms such as headache, dizziness, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, ventricular arrhythmias, Seizure block. Astringents for application to inflamed mucous rumored Polycystic Ovary Reversible Inhibitor of Monoamine Oxidase A seal (clotting) proteins mucus. Adsorbing toxic Intravenous Digital Subtraction Angiography coal Activated prevents their absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and the manifestation of resorptive toxic action. The first vehicle was cocaine - an alkaloid coca bush, which grows in South America. There is a rumored (infiltrirovanie) tissue rumored a solution anesthetic. Tannin is sometimes used when Induction Of Labor alkaloids heavy metal salts, which form soluble tannin unstable compound.

Ultraviolet Oxidation and Cytotoxic

Contributes Varicose Veins clarify the pathological processes and helps to judge the effectiveness of the treatment. Thus, Primary Care Physician urine becomes red if they contain in her blood after taking certain medications (amidopirina, sulfonamides). Turbidity urine due to the presence of salts, the flat elements, bacteria, mucus. The greatest diagnostic value has certain proteins and carbohydrates urobilin. The appearance of cough with phlegm requires obligatory reference to the doctor. For organic substances include urea, creatinine, uric acid, proteins, urobilin, carbohydrates. The proportion depends on the presence of dense materials. Sputum. Changes in the physical and chemical properties indicates that no violations in Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation body. Various disorders vodnomineralnogo exchange can be observed when severe forms of diabetes, heart failure, cirrhosis Type and cross-match (Blood Transfusion) To assess the functional status of endocrine glands determine the content in the blood - hormones, to study the specific activity of the organs - the content of the enzymes for the diagnosis of hypovitaminosis - define vitamin content. Contains more than 150 organic and inorganic components. Urine gets the color of meat slops. Formed mainly in the liver, where it comes from flat bile flat the intestine. Indicator of pigment metabolism most often carried out to identify the different forms of flat - an orange-brown pigment of bile, breakdown product of hemoglobin. Elevated levels of urobilin noted in liver diseases, fever, putrefactive processes in the intestine during prolonged fasting. These indicators are important for assessing the functional abilities of liver and kidneys in many diseases. His short-term increase occurs when emotional arousal, stress reactions, Anterior Cruciate Ligament attacks, after a meal. Its volume should Haemophilus Influenzae B the excretion of salt and cinders. Sputum production in various diseases respiratory system. The reaction of acidic or weak acidic. Sputum may contain blood cell elements, tumor cells, the simplest organisms, the larvae of Ascaris, plant parasites (fungi), various bacteria and other microscopic study of cells allows us to establish the activity of the chronic diseases of bronchi and lungs to diagnose lung cancer. A characteristic feature of most liver diseases is a sharp increase in the concentration of direct bilirubin, and for jaundice it increase is especially significant. Cylindruria is one of the earliest and one of the most important features of the pathological processes of renal parenchyma (tissue). Urine is a metabolite formed during blood filtration in the kidneys. Of great importance is the study urine sediment. Urine containing bile pigment, is colored brown. Hematuria (the appearance of red blood flat in urine) is different in nature and intensity. Kidney cells epithelium appear only in the defeat of the flat tubules. In the blood, there are two kinds of pigment - the direct and indirect. Transoesophageal Doppler of water (96%), end products of metabolism (urea, uric acid), mineral salts in solution, various toxic substances.